Zaria Consumer Goods Limited (ZCGL) manufactures a single standard household cleaning product, 'CleanMax', at its factory in Kaduna State. The management accountant of ZCGL is preparing the monthly performance report for October 2023 and has assembled the following cost and operational data: Standard Cost Data per unit: - Direct Materials: ₦600 - Direct Labour: ₦400 - Variable Production Overhead: ₦200 - Variable Selling & Distribution Overhead: ₦150 Budgeted and Operational Data: - Budgeted Fixed Production Overheads per month: ₦4,000,000 - Normal monthly production capacity: 10,000 units - Fixed Selling and Administrative Overhead per month: ₦1,800,000 - Standard Selling Price per unit: ₦2,500 Actual Operational Results for October 2023: - Opening Inventory (1 October 2023): 1,000 units - Production during the month: 11,000 units - Sales during the month: 9,500 units Note: Opening inventory was valued at the previous month's standard unit cost, which is identical to the current month's cost structure under both costing techniques. Actual fixed production overhead incurred during October 2023 equalled the budgeted amount of ₦4,000,000. Required: (a) Prepare the Statement of Profit or Loss for ZCGL for the month ended 31 October 2023 using: (i) Marginal Costing Technique (8 marks) (ii) Absorption Costing Technique (8 marks) (b) Prepare a statement reconciling the profit calculated under Marginal Costing with the profit under Absorption Costing. (4 marks) (c) Explain THREE key differences between Marginal Costing and Absorption Costing, and advise management on which method is more appropriate for internal short-term decision-making. (5 marks) (Total: 25 Marks)
A
B
C
D