The concept of 'the preferential option for the poor' in Christian social ethics is MOST closely supported by Jesus' teaching in

The Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus most directly addresses the moral obligation of the wealthy toward the poor, showing dire consequences for ignoring the suffering of the destitute. It illustrates that neglect of the poor is a serious ethical failure with eschatological consequences, which forms the biblical basis for the preferential option for the poor. The other parables address repentance, evangelism, and eschatological readiness respectively.