GCEGeographyVegetation and Soils2021

Which of the following best describes the process of leaching in soil formation?

AThe accumulation of humus on the soil surface by decomposing organisms
BThe downward movement of soluble minerals from upper to lower soil horizons by percolating waterCORRECT
CThe upward movement of salts to the soil surface through capillary action
DThe breakdown of parent rock material by physical weathering agents
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Why the answer is B, and why the others tempt you.
Leaching refers to the downward translocation of soluble minerals, nutrients, and organic compounds from the topsoil (A horizon) to lower horizons (B horizon) by water percolating through the soil profile. This process is most intense in areas of high rainfall, leading to nutrient-poor upper layers. Option C describes capillary rise, option A describes humification, and option D describes mechanical weathering.
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