GCEBiologyEvolution2022

Which of the following observations provides the most direct evidence that evolution is still occurring in present-day populations?

AThe discovery of transitional fossils such as Archaeopteryx
BThe development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria over short periodsCORRECT
CThe structural similarities between the embryos of vertebrates
DThe geographical distribution of related species on different continents
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Why the answer is B, and why the others tempt you.
The rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations is direct, observable evidence of evolution occurring in real time. Bacteria with chance mutations conferring resistance survive antibiotic treatment and reproduce, shifting the population's genetic composition. Fossils, embryology and biogeography provide historical or indirect evidence of past evolution rather than evolution currently in progress.
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