GCEChemistryAtomic Structure and Periodicity2021

An element M has the electronic configuration [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s². Which of the following statements about M is CORRECT?

AM is in Group IIA of the periodic table
BM is a non-metal in Period 4
CM is a transition metal that can exhibit variable oxidation statesCORRECT
DM has a completely filled d subshell
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Why the answer is C, and why the others tempt you.
The configuration [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² corresponds to iron (Fe, Z=26), a transition metal in Period 4. Transition metals have partially filled d orbitals and can form ions by losing different numbers of electrons (e.g., Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺), exhibiting variable oxidation states. The 3d⁶ subshell is not completely filled.
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