Genes are made of:

## The reasoning Genes are **segments of DNA** (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) that contain the instructions for making specific proteins. Think of DNA as the "recipe book" of life — each gene is like one recipe that tells your cells how to build a particular protein. The structure goes like this: DNA → Gene → Protein. DNA is the raw material that *makes up* genes. When your body needs to produce a protein (say, hemoglobin for blood or melanin for skin), it reads the gene (DNA sequence) and follows those instructions. ## Why the wrong options tempt you **A) Protein** — This is backwards! Genes *code for* proteins, but they're not made of protein themselves. It's like confusing the recipe with the cake. **B) Lipid** — Lipids (fats) make up cell membranes and store energy, but have nothing to do with genetic information. **D) Sugar** — Tricky! DNA does contain a sugar (deoxyribose) in its backbone, but the gene itself is the *entire DNA molecule*, not just the sugar component. ## Quick takeaway **Genes ARE DNA segments that CODE FOR proteins** — the blueprint is DNA, the product is protein. Never confuse the instruction manual with what it builds!